How am I a Romantic - 538 Words

American Romanticism Do you have a super hero? In romanticism there are heros in every story. That saves them and rescue them from danger. This happen in the three stories that i’m going to share with you today. They are The Last Of The Mohicans, Old Ironsides, and Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment. The Last Of The Mohicans the hero in this story is Nathaniel or Hawkeye . In this story Hawkeye is helping other people that are getting attack from the hurons. One day him and his other two Mohican friends. They were hunting and Nathaniel â€Å"killed the deer and they blessed the deer for providing food for them†. This shows romanticism about the love of nature. How they are one with nature. They went to the fort were the militia was at and warn them that there homes are getting invaded by the hurons. The british commander told the militia that they can leave if their homes was being attack. So the Colonel Munro at Fort William Henry had no idea that they could leave if their homes was being invaded. Hawkeye told him that their homes was getting burnt down and indians was attacking them. Munro told Hawkeye that the militia could not leave because you don’t have proof, and they try to leave they will die. Hawkeye helped the militia to escape to get to their homes. That is called Belief in Democracy. The reason is because Hawkeye is helping them get to their homes and Munro told them not to. Now this is a story about Dr Heidegger’s Experiment. In this story Dr. Heidegger createdShow MoreRelatedHow am I a Romantic?536 Words   |  2 PagesExample in â€Å"The First Snow Fall† James Russell showed a sign of supernatural when he said â€Å"And i told of the good All- father who cares for us here below†(23-24). He also shows the characteristic of Emphasis on Emotion by saying â€Å"And thought of the leaden sky that arched O’er our first great sorrow†(26-27). The story by the name of Dr.Heidegger’s Experiment written by Nathaniel Hawthorne has many Romantic Characteristics. The first characteristic is Supernatural and the story shows the supernaturalRead MoreHow am I a Romantic?546 Words   |  2 Pages Dear 11th Grade Student, You may of heard of a time called the American Romanticism Period, but i’m sure you dont know the whole story. The Romantic period was a time in history that symbolised Romance and different Characteristics you might of felt in the stories. Some of the Characteristics might be Focus on an Individual, Supernatural, Intuition over Fact, Imagination over Reason, Emphasis on Emotion, Love of Childhood, Awareness of Past, Belief in Democracy, and Love of Nature. ThereRead MoreEssay on How Romanticism Changed Societys Way of Thinking922 Words   |  4 PagesTo understand how Romanticism changed the way society thought, you must first understand the meanings and reason behind the movement. The Romantic Movement in the late 18th and early 19th centuries was described as a movement in the history of culture, an aesthetic style, and an attitude of mind. (Fiero) Romanticism provided expression of their thoughts and ideas toward their own societies, which was in effect predominantl y in Europe and in the United States. The movement was a reaction to the EnlightenmentRead MoreTaking a Look at the Romantic Era1107 Words   |  4 PagesRomantic Era Romanticism was brought to life around 1780 and thinned out around 1850. During this age romantic thought and imagination was chosen over reason, emotions, logic, intuition, and science. The late 18th century was a perfect era for romanticism. During this time period it spread wildly through the countries of Europe, the United States and Latin America and touched the pens of so many writers. Romanticism gave a type of feeling that made a lot excited or enthused to write and expressRead MoreRelationships Arguably Could Be The Most Important Development1210 Words   |  5 Pagesultimately determined people relationship tendencies in how they select and connect with a partner. Unfortunately, too often, relationships are terminated because people either go unaware of their qualities go or believe they embody different personality qualities. Learning about attachment style may be one of my favorite concepts of communication studies, especially in regards to the formation of relationships. By having an understanding as to how attachment style plays in one’s likelihood to developRead MoreRomantic Style Composers: Franz Schubert Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesGretchen am Spinnrade (Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel) in 1814, when he was only seventeen years old. The song is sung by a soprano, and the only accompaniment to the voice is a piano playing a constant rhythmic pattern (â€Å"OnMusic†). (2) Schubert was one of the most prominent composers in the Romantic era. He was the first composer to live off only the money he got from composing. He wrote many compositions during his short lifetime, especially art songs (â€Å"OnMusic†). (3) In the Romantic era theRead MoreRomantic Relationships : The Romantic Construal Model941 Words   |  4 PagesThought Paper After reading the chapter â€Å"Romantic Communication in Intimate Relationships: The Romantic Construal Model†, I was left with a lot of new knowledge. The Romantic Construal Model, which identifies how people judge romantic acts via personalization, specialness and conveyed value, is something that I had never heard of before and enjoyed learning about, but like with any new concept I was left with lots of questions as well as relations to other things I have previously learned. For this thoughtRead MoreThe Relationship Rules Theory In Relationships1330 Words   |  6 PagesRelationship rules theory The relationship rules theory is the concept that relationships between family ,friends ,romantic partners ,workplace ,and other places, are based on social rules. When the rules are broken it may cause problems and can destroy the relationship. Friendship rules Friendship rules that can help the relationship to build strong and powerful roots are, standing up for your friends when he or she has made a mistake, show emotional love showing that you care for that person,Read MoreModern Romantic Reflection On The Process Of Communication996 Words   |  4 Pages#3 The main point of chapter two discussed the chronology of communication methods with regards to romantic relationships. Specifically, the initiation and continuation contact with a person of romantic interest.   Ansari chose to emphasize and explore the medium of texting, as a platform of instant messaging, to emphasize the relevance it has in modern romantic interactions. Ansari focused on how those modern methods influence the process of communication when attempting to establish a relationshipRead MoreThe Role Of Parents In Romeo And Juliet906 Words   |  4 PagesHow much do parents affect their children’s lives? Some parents are extremely controlling over their children while others let them do whatever they want. Others find a happy medium between these two extremes. In the play The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, parents greatly impact their children’s lives. While the parents in the play do not control every aspect of the youthâ€℠¢s lives, they still affect a large proportion. Long-term parental relationships play a huge role in

Plastic Bags Free Essays

Millions of disposable plastic bags are used and discarded in Washington each year. A beached grey whale was found in West Seattle in 2010 with 20 plastic bags in its stomach. Small pieces of plastic can absorb toxic pollutants like DDT and PCB. We will write a custom essay sample on Plastic Bags or any similar topic only for you Order Now Scientists have found that fish are ingesting these toxins when they ingest plastic, concentrating the chemicals in the food chain. There is a good chance that we also absorb these pollutants when we eat fish. The good news is, Washingtonians are taking action to protect the Sound. In 2009, Edmonds became the first city in the state to ban plastic bags. In 2011, six other cities joined the effort. Bellingham, Mukilteo, Seattle, Bainbridge Island, Port Townsend, and Issaquah all banned the bag, significantly cutting down on the amount of plastic flowing into Puget Sound. Today, dozens more communities are considering similar legislation, including Olympia. Local bans have an immediate impact and are a great start—but we can’t stop until bags are banned statewide. When plastic bags are part of mixed recyclables, they get caught in machinery, shutting down recycling operations. Responding to an Environment Washington Research Policy Center survey, 70 percent of Washington recycling companies want plastic bags out of the waste stream. Curbside recycling in some of Washington’s cities allows the inclusion of plastic bags in mixed recyclables but this actually causes problems in the recycling facilities. †¢ Over half of Washington’s recycling facilities do not even accept plastic bags. For those facilities, 83% reported that their recycling stream was contaminated with plastic bags and it was causing problems. When plastic bags pollute mixed recyclables, they get tangled in recyclers’ machinery, causing plants to shut down. †¢ Some recycling plants in Washington estimate spending 20 to 30 percent of their labor costs removing plastic bags from their Puget Sound is an irreplaceable treasure. It is central to Washington’s culture and our livelihood. Harbor seals play within our bays and thousands of salmon make their way th rough the Sound every year to spawn. Three endangered pods of resident orcas visit the Sound on a regular basis. Seabirds congregate on our beaches and in our arbors, belting out their familiar cries. And beneath the waves, the seafloor The problem is not limited to Puget Sound. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, every square mile of ocean contains 46,000 pieces of floating plastic, on average. 4 About one thousand miles off the Washington coast, more than 100 million tons of plastic garbage has concentrated in an area known as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. 5 Churned by ocean currents, this toxic, plastic soup spans an area twice the size of Texas. 6 Within this area, plastic outweighs plankton by up to six times during certain imes of the day. 7 machinery – on the order of $1,000 per day. †¢ More than 70 percent of Washington recyclers want disposable plastic bags out of the waste system. China accepts more than half of all reclaimed plastic bags for recycling, and that number is rising. †¢ Plastic bag recycling plants in China expose workers to toxic fumes, create a haze that hangs over villages, and pollute groundwater sources. Consumers bring their own bags in many parts of the world. Washington can follow this example and ban bags. †¢ Nothing we use for a few minutes should end up contaminating our oceans for hundreds of years. Because recycling efforts have proven inadequate, Washington’s civic leaders should ban single-use plastic bags. Researchers at the University of Washington-Tacoma have found plastic pollution in every water sample they have taken from Puget Sound. At least 20 nations and 88 local governments have passed bans on distributing thin plastic or other types of disposable plastic bags, Approximately 26 nations and local communities have established fee programs to reduce plastic bag use and/or increase the use of reusable alternatives, After Washington, D. C. , mplemented a much smaller 5-cent tax on plastic bags, the number of plastic bags distributed by food retailers fell from 22. 5 million per month to 3. 3 million per month. Edmonds was the first city in Washington to ban plastic bags, adopting a ban in 2009. †¢ More recently, Bellingham adopted a ban on thin-plastic carry-home bags and a 5 cents fee on paper bags in July 2011. †¢ Other cities, including Seattle, Lake Forest Park, and Mukilteo, are actively considering bag bans. To make a real impact, all Washington cities and counties should restrict the use of plastic bags, and dvocate for similar action at the state level Work Citation Krehbiel, Robb. â€Å"Report: Keep Plastic Out of Puget Sound. † A Solution Not in the Bag. Environment Washington Research Policy Center, Jan. 2012. Web. 24 Feb. 2013. Krehbiel, Robb. â€Å"Report: Keep Plastic Out of Puget Sound. † Keeping Plastic out of Puget Sound. Environment Washington Research Policy Center, Nov. 2011. Web. 24 Feb. 2013. Kreh biel, Bobb. â€Å"News Release. † New Report: Recycling Cannot Solve Plastic Bag Problem. Environment Washington Research Policy Center, 14 Feb. 2011. Web. 25 Feb. 2013. How to cite Plastic Bags, Papers

Popularity Brand Posts On Brand Fan Pages -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Popularity Brand Posts On Brand Fan Pages? Answer: Introduction Marketing is applied in creating, keeping, and satisfying the customers. Signs are termed as marketing communication tools used in recognizing business and promoting an organizations products. When the signs are added to an integrated marketing process, they assist a firm to widen its message. These signs are only useful if they are seen. This report analyses effects of marketing and the sign using the dramaturgical and visual framework. Customers are valuable assets for customers. The customers are costly to acquire and retain. The following are the impacts of marketing: first, marketing help firms establish themselves as reliable brands. Organizations that are unknown can become known through their marketing efforts (De Vries, Gensler Leeflang, 2012). As a result, these firms create an image of liking through marketing. For instance, if a company adopts a marketing campaign which equates their products with a renowned company, clients may infer that the product is good. Hence, despite the product being new and unknown, the message draws consumers attention and purchase the product. Second, organizations can build on an existing market segment while improving its market position through marketing. If the firm has a primary market segment that it wants to retain, targeted marketing can show the current customers that the company has more to offer. This increase the firms revenue (Yu, Ramanathan Nath, 2014). Lastly, marketing helps combat competition. It keeps the companys brand name appealing to the publics eye. This prevents competitors from gaining a foothold in the firms secured market segment. Marketing helps in attracting new and old clients, keeping the organization relevant when opponents appear. Sign marketing ideas result in increased sales in an organization. The impacts of sign marketing include: First, having a sign that is difficult to process may make the consumer perceive the brand as unlikable or untrustworthy (Oswald Oswald, 2012). Nonetheless, signs that have an easy-to-parse message and a high-contrast format makes the brand to appear truthful. The firm should consider the essential aspect of its sign such as the service offered. This should be addressed above all anything else. This attracts new and old customers, after which the companys brand can be explained to them. Second, individuals have different perceptions of the same sign (Umiker-Sebeok, 2012). This depends on how the customers view the signs. For example, when a passer-by views a sign from their right visual field, they focus more on the words rather than the images. However, persons who view the sign from their left visual field respond more to the images. Thus, the placement of the signs creates di fferent perceptions from customers. Conclusion Summing up, marketing is essential to creating a companys brand. Marketing aims at informing potential and current customers about a companys products. This attracts new and old clients to purchase the products. This in return increases the companys revenue and gains a competitive advantage. Signs use visual frameworks such as images and pictures. They are used by marketers to embed the meanings into consumers minds. Eventually, this forms a basis of shared knowledge with the customers. References De Vries, L., Gensler, S., Leeflang, P. S. (2012). Popularity of brand posts on brand fan pages: An investigation of the effects of social media marketing.Journal of interactive marketing,26(2), 83-91. Oswald, L. R., Oswald, L. (2012).Marketing semiotics: Signs, strategies, and brand value. Oxford University Press. Umiker-Sebeok, J. (Ed.). (2012).Marketing and semiotics: New directions in the study of signs for sale(Vol. 77). Walter de Gruyter. Yu, W., Ramanathan, R., Nath, P. (2014). The impacts of marketing and operations capabilities on financial performance in the UK retail sector: A resource-based perspective.Industrial Marketing Management,43(1), 25-31.

Speech Analysis Essay Example For Students

Speech Analysis Essay My artwork represents two time periods: the romantic period and metaphysical period. One of the most influential poets of the romantic period was William Wordsworth and an example of one his poems is I wandered lonely as a cloud. I chose to represent the themes and techniques of the romantic period in a number of ways. The first theme was poetic spontaneity and freedom from rules of composition. Wordsworths poem reflected this by the colloquial language used and the unusual subject. My artwork represents this by displaying all my pictures on a corkboard: the casual positioning and freedom from confines reflects the freedom that he had. The next theme is of personal experience and subjective emotions. Wordsworth poem is really a recollection and I represent this by putting in a snapshot of a solitary cloud: the snapshot represents a moment in time for him. A technique that he uses is a simile: he compares himself to a lonely cloud. Again my snapshot of a cloud represents his feelings of isolation, drifting along. We will write a custom essay on Speech Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Wordsworth glorified everyday situations from common life when he spoke about the humble daffodil giving him such delight. I represented this by Nature was an influential theme for many of the metaphysical poets. The white lace on the edges represents the clouds. The Romantic poets distinctive concepts, plots, forms, and imagery were shaped by the great event that was taking place during their time. This great event was of course the French revolution. I represented it in my artwork with a modified painting. In this painting, a woman bearing a French flag is shown leading her people through battle

How to write effective role descriptions for your CV

How to write effective role descriptions for your CV Role descriptions within your CV offer recruiters a valuable insight into your experience and abilities. Describing your current and previous work experience provides you with an excellent opportunity to showcase your skills and show potential employers how you apply them in the workplace. Here are some foolproof ways to write an effective role description and land that job! Structure your role descriptions properlyYour CV needs to flow in order to facilitate ease of reading. Large blocks of text make it difficult for readers to digest the information in your CV.Start with a bold heading to announce the beginning of the role and detail the employer name, your role title, and dates of employment. Under the heading, provide a brief one or two line outline to explain the nature of your employers’ business, where you sit within the organization, and the overall goal of the role – this builds context for the reader. Then list your responsibilities in short sharp bullet point s so that recruiters can navigate them quickly and pick out the information they need.To really add some weight to your roles, round them off with some impressive achievements you made during your time with the company.Show how you’ve impacted an organizationIt’s not enough to merely document your responsibilities however, you need to prove the impact you have made in each organization. Highlight how you’ve worked to support company goals or targets and how your actions impacted the wider team. For example, you may have been responsible for managing the company budget – but simply stating that responsibility does not demonstrate the impact you made.To prove your impact you will need to expand to discuss how your actions have affected the business which could be things like saving costs, identifying areas for improvement or even helping to generate more revenue.Use the right level of detailWhen putting together role descriptions you’ll want to be de tailed enough to describe your experiences and achievements but not so exhaustive that your CV becomes tedious to read. This can be a difficult balancing act, so look to add depth to your most recent positions, and as you work backward through your career history look to only briefly summarize dated roles.Employers will want to know lots about your current roles because they are generally the best way to gauge your current capabilities – whereas role from several years will not be of great interest to them.Sell yourselfIt seems obvious, right? Your CV is your first impression to a company so it needs to be strong to grab recruiters’ attention and compel them to contact you. Being too modest and writing in a dull formal tone won’t excite anybody. Although you want to portray a professional image, ensure your descriptions are written in an upbeat positive tone with plenty of positive verbs and adjectives to emphasize your effectiveness as an employee.For example, don’t just describe yourself as   â€Å"marketing executive with 5 years of experience in the healthcare industry.† Improve the language and really sell yourself by describing yourself as an â€Å"accomplished global marketing executive with 5 years of experience supporting some of the world’s biggest brands and campaigns.†Quantify your achievementsAs part of your role descriptions you need to document your prior achievements but if you really want recruiters to understand your impact,   you need to quantify those accomplishments. By adding specific examples and including any relevant facts or figures you’ll be giving more credibility to your claims. For example, instead of simply adding the fact you have supported the implementation of a new booking system, state how this new process improved performance by 20%.This will help the recruiter to qualify your achievements and progress you further in the recruitment process.About the Author:Andrew Fennell is an experienced recruiter and founder of CV advice center StandOut CV and a regular contributor to sites such as CV Library, The Guardian, and Business Insider.

How to Send ACT Scores to Colleges

How to Send ACT Scores to Colleges SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips ACT scores are in, and now it’s time to move onto the next step - college applications! You may be wondering how to send your scores and whether you’re making the right choices about which ones you'll allow colleges to see. In this article, I’ll go through how to decide which scores to send and the way the process works overall. Should I Send My ACT Scores? ACT has a built-in Score Choice policy that allows you to send only certain scores to colleges based on how well you do on each test date.If you’re very unhappy with one of your ACT scores, you don’t necessarily have to show it to schools.There are some schools that require you to send all of your scores, but most allow you to pick and choose which test dates you want to send. In order to decide which scores to send or whether you need to take the test again, you should take a look at the score range for your schools of choice.Read this article to learn more about finding your target ACT score.As a general rule, you should aim for a score that represents the 75th percentile of scores for admitted students for your school of choice (meaning your score is higher than 75% of the scores of admitted students).If you’re still not sure whether you should take the ACT again, read our guide to help you decide! You should also consider superscoring as a factor.Colleges that superscore will take your highest scores from each section of the ACT across multiple tests and average them to create your highest possible composite score.Read this article for more information about how superscoring might affect your strategy on the ACT. How to Send ACT Scores to Colleges You can send your ACT scores to colleges several different ways, but the easiest way is to order score reports throughyour ACT web account.Click on the link that says â€Å"Send Your Scores† in your account homepage.You will get something that looks like this, with more dates listed if you took the ACT more than once: Once you select the date you want to send on your report (remember, every test date requires a separate report even if you’re sending more than one to the same school), you will get to a screen that asks you to fill in the code for the school where you want to send it.You can also search for schools to find the appropriate code: You can select up to 8 test date and school combinations per score report order. This is what it will look like when you select a school: You have the option to select either standard or priority reports (more on this in a minute!).After you select the schools and test dates you want, you just have to enter in your credit card info and hit submit, and your score reports will be on their way! Other methods of sending score reports include: Downloading the score report request form and mailing it in Calling the ACT (this costs $15 extra just for the call and is ONLY for priority reports - again, I'll talk more about those in a minute) Sending a letter of request to the ACT (instructions can be found at this link) To find the correct ACT college code for these other score reporting methods, use this link. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Types of ACT Score Reports There are three different types of ACT score reports. I'll describe each type and why you might or might not decide to order it. Type 1: Free Reports Whenever you register for the ACT, you have the option to send four free score reports.This is an enticing offer, but it can hurt you if your scores don’t end up being up to par, and you might not even know where you’re applying yet. Overall, I’d say it’s better to forgo the free reports and wait until you get your scores back.Unfortunately there is no fee waiver available for score reports, but as I said, most schools will allow you to use Score Choice and just send your best score to avoid the extra fees. Type 2: Regular Reports Regular reports (reports sent after the free score report period) cost $12 per test date per school.This is another reason why it’s to your advantage to use score choice - it's in your best interest to send the minimum number of score reports to reduce your financial burden. After the ACT gets your regular score report request, it will take about one week for them to process it and send it to your school of choice.Reports are delivered depending on the schedule of the school, but it’s almost always within two weeks or so of your request. Type 3: Priority or Rush Reports Priority reports for the ACT cost $16.50 per test date per school.These are processed two days after the ACT receives your request, as opposed to a week after the request for regular score reports.Priority reports should reach your school within 3-4 business days of your request.These reports can only be sent within the US. Be careful with rush reporting, because some schools that only receive scores electronically may not review these types of reports any faster than regular reports.Read more about when to order rush reporting here. Your priority score report is strapped to the back of a cheetah by the ACT - the cheetah's brain has a GPS implant. Some admissions officers might get bitten, but it WILL be there in time. Summary The process of sending your ACT score reports shouldn’t be too challenging if you know what to expect.Remember that most schools allow score choice, and many of them offer superscoring as well. You should check with your colleges of choice about their policies.You should also be sure you’re ordering reports with enough time to spare so they make it in with your application. Priority reports should be a last ditch option. As long as you'reaware of deadlines and know your options, sending ACT scores to colleges is a cinch! What's Next? Want to get a more in-depth look at your ACT scores and use them to study for the next test? Learn more about ordering Test Information Release. Also check out this article for more information onhow to get and interpret your ACT score results. Not sure whether you should take the ACT with or without Writing? Find out which collegesask for the Writing section. Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Samantha Lindsay About the Author Samantha is a blog content writer for PrepScholar. Her goal is to help students adopt a less stressful view of standardized testing and other academic challenges through her articles. Samantha is also passionate about art and graduated with honors from Dartmouth College as a Studio Art major in 2014. In high school, she earned a 2400 on the SAT, 5's on all seven of her AP tests, and was named a National Merit Scholar. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Thinking machine response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Thinking machine response - Essay Example According to Pinker, the mind works in a computational manner by processing representations in an algorithmic and rule controlled manner. Pinker notes that cognitive science has made it possible to study intelligence. It is difficult to define intelligence, but it is seeable. Intelligence is a measure of achieving goals under difficulties by undertaking sound decisions based on set rules. These set of rules provide a base for confirming or proving whether the decisions carried out are intelligent or not. Humans, according to Pinker, stand to learn a lot about the reasoning process and intelligence through computing machines. Intelligence gets derived from information and not from the spirit or a special substance. Pinker counters other definitions of intelligence forwarded by other thinkers such as those from the school of behaviorism who state that intelligence gets described in terms of desires and belief (Pinker 526). Pinker (536) uses the Turing machine to advance the computational theory of mind. He explains how a machine that can carry out rational thought can get built. The Turing machine processed symbols intelligently to provide data following set definitions, yet it was just an arrangement of gadgets. According to Pinker, the mind works in a similar way. The computational model of thinking states that the mind has representations, which it processes in a rule controlled and algorithmic way (Pinker 541). But it does not imply that the mind is similar to a machine. According to Pinker, unlike a single general purpose computer, the mind is a collection of computers which he refers to as ‘mental organs’. These ‘organs’ all carry out specialized subject matter, and each has its own learning mechanism. Pinker’s computational theory of mind offers selling points and others that can get argued as untrue. The first advantage is that it explains how a collection of matter such as the brain or computers can be intelligent. The

Methods of Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Methods of Motivation - Essay Example There are two types of motivation intrinsic and extrinsic. Extrinsic motivation implies an instrumental relationship between behavioral results and desired outcomes. The person is not vitally interested in his/her very behavior, but in particular in the outcome that results from it. Whoever wants to get a compliment from a specific somebody, in return for which some work has to be done (like completing schoolwork at home), is not focused on those tasks, but on the recognition she or he expects to receive from performing well. Intrinsic motivation consists of the feelings attached to or resulting from performing specified activities. Thus, intrinsically motivated people would be satisfied, happy, enjoy themselves, favor the things they do, and so forth (Armstrong, 2003). Achievement motivation theory (McClelland) asserts that maximum motivation will occur at moderate levels of difficulty when the incentive value of success is highest. Two problems with that model are the failure to include an explicit goal-setting stage and/or the failure to measure commitment to succeeding. These factors are crucial to predicting the individual's response to subjective probability estimates. But the value for achievement, a conscious motive that is not correlated with n ach, has been found to be significantly related to goal choice (Fulton, Maddock, 1998). One of the earliest and the most popular theories of motivation was developed by Abraham H. Maslow. His "Hierarchy of needs' theory is based on five needs: (1) psychological (hunger, thirst), (2) safety (protection), (3) social (be accepted, belong to a certain group), (4) esteem (self-confidence, achievements, respect, status, recognition), and (5) self-actualization (realizing one's potential for continued self-development). Whereas needs and (subconscious) motives are crucial to a full understanding of human action, they are several steps removed from action itself (Robbins, 2002). Goal-setting theory is odds with expectancy theory, which was first introduced into industrial-organizational psychology by Vroom in 1964. This theory asserts that, other things being equal, expectancy of success (which is inversely related to goal difficulty) is positively related to performance. However, as shown later, goal-setting theory and expectancy theory can be fully reconciled. Goal-setting theory approaches the explanation of performance quite differently from that of motive or need theories such as those of McClelland and Maslow. It then worked backwards from there to determine what causes goals and what makes them effective. In contrast, need and motive theories started with more remote and general (often subconscious) regulators and tried to work forward to action, usually ignoring specific and conscious factors (Fulton, Maddock, 1998). Equity theory (John Stacey Adams, 1963-1965) asserts that pay will bring satisfaction to the degree that it is seen as fair or equitable. Equity judgments will be based on the judged ratio of the individual's outputs and inputs in comparison to the output/input ratio of people to whom the individual compares himself or herself. If pay is seen as inequitable, thus producing dissatisfaction, people will take steps to restore equity by modifying the quantity or quality of

Computer education Essay Example for Free

Computer education Essay Computer education is two sides of a coin, there are several advantages and disadvantages which are listed below: Advantages: 1. Information is available at the click of a button, the internet is very useful and gives a huge support to the teacher to enhance her curriculum 2. The students themselves can learn a lot about the topics taught in class through the internet 3. Children find the lessons interesting since teachers have access to a vast pool of information. 4. Children can submit homework etc via computer, thus saving of time 5. Saves a lot of stationery, paper wastage is minimal since students can submit their projects via computer. 6. Also, today everywhere a computer is used children become computer savvy and better prepared to face the world. Disadvantages: 1. Computer tends to make the children lazy, reason being that a computer is a one stop shop. Everything is available at a click of a button, they do not have to strive to collect information. 2. Children lose their power the think since just by putting in one word on the search engine a whole treasure of information opens up, everything is available without trying very hard, children lose their imagination power and ingenuity. 3. Children do not have to learn spellings, calculation, tables they become totally dependant on computers and their skills for memorising, application, quick thinking are not developed. 4. A computer is a very cold way of teaching, earlier live examples and objects were used which were far more exciting, we could touch, smell objects like earlier if a teacher wanted to teach about an orange a live orange was brought and shown, today everything is shown via power point presentations on screen which does not have the same effect on children, since a live thing is so much more exciting. 5. Children lose touch with the real world and live in a virtual world which is not good. 6. Children become loners, lose friends, since all the time they are stuck to the computers 7. They do not sleep on time since chatting, emailing,

What Factors Affect the Rate of Reaction Between Magnesium and Hydrochl

Science Coursework – What factors effect the rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid? Background Knowledge There are four factors that can affect the rate of reaction and they all rely on the collision theory. This is basically how hard and how often particles collide with each other. The more and harder they collide, the faster the reaction time will be. If the acid is made more concentrated there are more particles, which means collisions are more likely. So, the higher the concentration, the quicker the reaction time is. Temperature also affects the rate of reaction. If the temperature is increased, the particles move quicker so more collisions happen. This means the higher the temperature, the quicker the reaction time. Adding a catalyst increase...

Assignments essay Essay

|Assessor’s comments | |Qualification |QCF Level 7 : Extended Diploma in Strategic |Assessor name |Atif Kauser | | |Management & Leadership | | | |Unit number and title |4- Developing corporate culture |Learner name | | |Assignment title |Culture, Objectives and improving corporate climate | | | |Assessment Criteria |Achieved? | |AC 1.1: explain how models of organisation culture can be used to achieve organizational objectives | | |AC 1.2: explain the difference between organisational and national culture | | |AC 1.3: analyse the corporate cultural profile in an organisation | | |AC 1.4: discuss the impact of an organisation’s corporate culture in achieving its objectives | | |AC 2.1: evaluate the existing climate of an organisation | | |AC 2.2: recommend ways to improve corporate climate in an organisation | | |AC 2.3: propose a framework of organisational values that meet the specific strategic and operational needs of an | | |organisation | | |AC 3.1: identify inter nal and external stakeholders of an organization | | |AC 3.2: evaluate the effectiveness of an organisation’s existing communication strategies | | |AC 3.3: develop new communication strategies for stakeholders of an organisation that address differences in belief, | | |values, customs and  language | | |Assessor Feedback & Action Plan | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Learner’s Feedback | | | |Assessor signature | |Date | | |Learner signature | |Date | | |Assessment Criteria |To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the student is able to: | |Task no. | |Evidence | |reference | | | | | | |AC 1.1, 1.3, 1.4 |Culture: culture as shared values; culture at ascending levels; sub-cultures; professional | |1 | | | | |cultures | | | | | | |Models: Charles Handy – power, role, person and task cultures; Johnson and Scholes cultural | | | | | | |web; links to organizational objectives | | | | | |AC 1.2 |Organizational culture: industry culture; national and supranational culture; | |1 | | | | |models of culture eg Trompenaars’s implicit-explicit factors,  Schein’s three levels | | | | | | |National cultures: methods of classifying national culture eg the work of Laurent, Hofstede | | | | | | |and Trompenaars | | | | | |AC 2.1, 2.2 |Climate profile: how climate is defined; difference between climate and culture; | |1,2 | | | | |key aspects of organisational climate eg flexibility; responsibility; standards; rewards; | | | | | | |clarity; team commitment; impact of management practices on climate; impact of climate on | | | | | | |efficiency and effectiveness | | | | | |AC 2.3 |Values: values or core values as a part of organisational culture; crisis of ethics | |2 | | | | |in business and the new emphasis on value leadership – framework for developing and supporting| | | | | | |strong corporate core values | | | | | |AC 3.1, 3.3 |Stakeholders: customers, consumers, employees; shareholders; governments; | |1, 2 | | | | |communities, business partnerships and alliances – the increasing need to cooperate with | | | | | | |people from different cultural groupings (including beliefs, values, customs and language) | | | | | |AC 3.2, 3.3 |Communicating effectively: strategies; identifying potential barriers and ensuring strategies | |1, 2 | | | | |overcome them; developing self-awareness of own and organisational culture; benefits of a | | | | | | |diverse workforce; acculturation programmes; intercultural communication skills | | | | | Assignment Cover Sheet |Assignment Title |Culture, Objectives and improving corporate climate | |In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found.| |Attach work where needed. | |Learner’s Name: |Assessor: Atif Kauser | |Date Issue: |Completion Date: |Submitted On: | |Qualification: QCF Level 7: Extended Diploma in Strategic Management & |Unit No & Title: Unit 4: Developing Corporate Culture | |Leadership | | |Learner declaration | |I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully acknowledged. | | | |Learner signature: Date: | |Unit title |4- Developing corporate culture | |Qualification |QCF Level 7 – strategic management & leadership | |start date |01-04-2013 | |deadline |05-05-2013 | |Assessor |Atif kauser | |Assignment title: |Culture, Objectives and improving corporate climate | |Scenario: Suppose you work for a business magazine called ‘The Biz Talk’. The editor has assigned you with the task of producing the Cover Story for the next| |edition. He wants you  to write a detailed article with the title ‘CULTURE, Objectives and Improving Corporate Climate’. | |For this you will have to choose one organization of your interest, conduct a primary and secondary investigation to gather facts and figures which will | |support you in writing the article. The article should cover and address the given tasks and outcomes. | |Task 1 | | | |Having done with the primary and secondary research, conduct a critical evaluation to study the current practices of your chosen organization as a case | |study, and Elaborate and explain the profile of your chosen organization by addressing the following tasks: | | | |Analyse the corporate cultural profile of your organisation | |Discuss the impact of your organisation’s corporate culture in achieving its objectives | |Explain how models of organisation culture taught to you in the tutorials can be used to achieve organisational objectives for your chosen organization | |Explain the difference between organisational and national culture by critically observing the presence of your organization in a particular country/region | |Evaluate the existing corporate climate of your organisation | |Identify the internal and external stakeholders of your organisation | |evaluate the effectiveness of your organisation’s existing communication strategies | | | |Provides evidence for: outcome 1, AC: 2.1, 3.1, 3.2 | | | |Task 2 | | | |Based on your analysis, propose recommendations and strategies for further improvement in the areas defined below: | | | |Recommend ways to improve the corporate climate in your organisation | |Propose a framework of organisational values that meets the specific strategic and operational needs of your organization | |Develop new communication strategies for stakeholders of your organisation that address differences in belief, values, customs and language | | | |Provides evidence for: AC 2.2, 2.3, 3.3 | |This brief has been verified as being fit for purpose | |Assessor |Atif Kauser | |Signature | |Date | | |Internal verifier |Wajiha Daud | | Signature | |Date | |

“Of Mice and Men”: Naturalism Essay

Naturalism is a very intense style of literature that an author can use. With naturalism, the author is trying to convey knowledge acquired through the senses and experiences they them selves have been through. In the novel of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck, he portrays elements of naturalism through his very own sights and experiences. During the depression John Steinbeck got a first hand dose of what it meant to deal with sordid aspects of life. Just like his book, he portrays his accounts using highly realistic settings, and brutal characters with foul mouths that deal with depressing issues of life. In the real world things happen, but in the world of Mice and Men, nothing ever seems to happen the way the characters hope. Steinbeck wanted his characters to be brutal and fail to achieve their goals they worked so hard to get. He wanted the characters to have foul mouths and have bleak views of what life really is. As said from the genre paper of naturalism â€Å"Characters in naturalistic literature are trapped by their heredity and environment and end in failure.† Dealing with vast emotions and massive challenges, characters like George and Lennie in the novel, ended in failure because of their brutal surroundings. If Curly’s wife never intervened with Lennie after he killed the young pup, then she would not have ever died. Lennie was only driven by his basic urge to touch soft things. † Lennie’s big fingers fell to stroking her hair. â€Å"Don’t you mess it up,† she said.†Ã¢â‚¬ ( Steinbeck 91 ). Steinbeck really placed the characters with brutal settings among brutal characters. The setting of the book is highly realistic and greatly portrays what the time period truly represented. Steinbeck, once a migrant worker too, lived the experience of his literature. He knew exactly what the environment should be like too and what it shouldn’t. â€Å"Chapters one and six take place by the river, two and three in the bunkhouse, four and five in the barn.† All of these setting are settings you would not likely find through out our time period but in the life of a lonely migrant worker. It is quit creditable for Steinbeck to instinctively return to the earlier forms of literature of drama, epic and parable. His use of literary devices to describe his settings are remarkable. â€Å" A few miles south of Soledad the Salinas River drops in close to the hillside bank and runs deep and green.  The water is warm too, for it has slipped twinkling over the yellow sands in the sunlight before reaching the narrow pool.†(Steinbeck 1). Steinbeck is not making just plain ordinary descriptions of this scene-setting, but is revealing a sense of freedom and joy before tragedy and hate that’s burred farther along the book from the sordid aspects of life. Dealing with dirty aspects of life was all just another part of naturalism in Steinbeck’s scheme. He wanted the reader to greatly feel the depression and madness their society had to endure. He wanted the reader to end the book sick to the core from the gruesome dream that was crushed with just one accidental murder, and one gunshot to the head. â€Å"And George raised the gun and studied it, and he brought the muzzle of it close to the back of Lennie’s head. The hand shook violently, but his face set and his hand studied. He pulled the trigger.† (Steinbeck 106 ). This was already evident to some of the characters in the book. Crook’s for instance, foreshadowed what would happen later on to people with dreams. â€Å"†I never seen a guy really do it,† he said † I seen some guys nearly crazy with loneliness for land, but ever’ time a whore house or a blackjack game took what it takes.†Ã¢â‚¬ (76). This book really showed that fate is eminent and no matter how you try or what you do, something will always try to stand in your way. Naturalism is portrayed in the novel of Mice and Men through the author’s own sights and experiences. Just like his book, Steinbeck emulates his life experiences with highly realistic settings, and brutal characters with foul mouths that deal with depressing issues of life. Steinbeck truly pushed beyond the limits of standard writing, and showed us a side of good and evil like never before.

Impact of Computer Based Communication

Impact of Computer Based Communication Executive Summary Computer based communication has become popular in the recent past especially due to the advancement in Internet technology. Email, wikis, blogs, instant messaging and video conferencing are some computer-based communications that have had a great impact on communication.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Impact of Computer Based Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Blogging and Instant Messaging (IM) are the most popular of these computer based communication. Computer based communication has transformed the way business is carried out. It has lead to introduction of new business channels and new ways for interacting with the customers. However computer based communication systems have some negative impacts such as the ease of spreading negative information. Computer based communication is slowly replacing conventional communication. With advancement in internet technology, various computer based communication will continue to gain popularity. This research looked at the impact of computer based communication on business. It started by explaining the impact of the internet in general then the paper will concentrate on the use of Instant Messaging and blogs. The research looked at both the positive and the negative impacts of the internet in business. The main research method that was used will be literature review. Material containing information on computer communication was reviewed and used to build up the subject of this study. From the finding the researcher concluded that there are many advantages of the advancement in computer communication in business. This is especially so with regard to public relations that has improved due to the use of the internet. This implies that a lot has to be done to ensure that businesses take advantage of the use of computer based communication for the wellbeing of their businesses. Introduction Advancement in computer technology has had a great impact on business communication. Computer based communication has almost replaced conventional means of communication. Internet technology has led to a revolution in communication with the advent of such applications as Email, wikis, blogs, instant messaging and video conferencing (Nicole, 2007, par 7).Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Not only has internet technology led to a reduction in cost of communication but has also provided an effective means of communication across long distances. As a consequence of advancement in computer and internet technology, computer based communication is slowly replacing conventional communication Effect of internet on communication Impact of computer based communication, particularly those supported by the internet is evident. Computer technology has led to great impact on people’s lives. Today, carryi ng a laptop or palmtop is becoming part of people’s culture. Not only do people have access to the internet in their work places or at homes, but modern technology has allowed portable internet supporting devices (Freeman, 2003, p. 53). As a result of internet portability, people can access the internet at any place from their home to right in their vehicles. This makes it possible for people to work away from offices. For example lawyers are able to work with their clients remotely and sort out legal issues. Internet technology has revolutionized communities around the world. It has transformed these communities from a tightly knit society into a loosely bounded and networked society. Wellman et al (2003, para 4) points out how governments and citizens interact through use of internet. For instance they singled out Scottish government’s use of email in accepting petitions from the Scottish citizens. Moran (2008) asserts that internet use will bring great impact on the way people carry out their daily business. Spaeth (2008, par 9) warns that organizations that not take advantage of social media are likely to get out of business. This is because other firms will use internet social media as a means of gaining competitive edge over rivals. To drive other competitors out of business, such firms will utilize internet in reducing competitive disadvantage and meeting other strategic organization objectives. Blogging, video sharing services, micro-blogging, and other social networking are impacting on people’s lives, particularly in communication. Instant Messaging has completely changed the way communication is carried out. Many Instant Messaging programs are in use today with about eighty percent of internet users using one or more of the programs to communicate. Low cost of using Instant Messaging and ability to use the service at virtually any place with internet access has motivated many users (Wilkins, 2007, par 5).Advertising We w ill write a custom report sample on Impact of Computer Based Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Instant Messaging Instant Messaging is a recent introduction to communication and has had a great impact on communication. IM is an online communication whereby individuals key in messages through the keyboard of their computers. Unlike conventional message communication, IM is almost synchronous enabling real time message communication. Popularity of Instance Messaging can be traced in 1990 (Isaacs, Walendowki, Whittaker and Schiano, 2002, p. 121). Internet Relay Chat (IRC) and Multi User Dungeons (MUD) were the initial Instant Messaging supporting technologies. IRC, still in use today, allows users to communicate with many servers that are dedicated to a particular topic. MUD on the other hand enables users to participate in real time chats in virtual communities. Unlike these older programs, Instant Messaging enables users to commun icate through real time message with other people that they already know. Among the popular instant Messaging companies today include Yahoo! Messenger, MSN Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger and ICQ. Impact of Instant Messages in business Instant Messages is among the cheapest means of communication. While other internet communications such as email may cost an organization significant amount, Instant Messaging is provided virtually free of charge. IM has significant impact on communication in business and Media. In business, IM is being used as an effective way of providing support to customers. Through live chats customer can raise their inquiries to an organization. An online live chat support can be able to respond to customers addressing their issues interactively. Unlike call support, IM is cheap and fast. In addition, a customer support can be able to respond to many inquiries simultaneously. Impact of Blog in business Blogs provide a means for people from any part in the world to contribute to a particular subject or topic. Some of the important impacts of blogs in business are on market research and public relation (Braffort, 1999, p. 57). Through blogs, organizations or businesses can be able to get customer/ public’s opinions over their business, products or services. Blogs provides an important source of information therefore helping in business research (Mangold and Faulds, 2007, p. 263). With regard to public relations, blogs enable people to raise issues over a company’s products.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ability to express opinion over an organization, a product or a service is by itself a public relation act. In addition, through the blogs public relations officers in organization can be able to respond to the issues raised. Many organizations today run blogs to enable them to communicate with their customers (Kent, 2009, p. 33). The blogs mainly act as gateways to communication with the outside world. Conventionally the mass media was the primary means for public relations. Before the internet become famous, people had limited sources of information and mainly relied on the mass media for information. In addition, people had limited means for expressing their grievance, suggestions or inquiry. Customers who were not happy with an organization had very limited means of raising their issues (Bryant and Oliver, 2009, p. 65). Emergence of blogs provided new ways for connecting with an organization. According to (Kent p.1 2007) blogs are a recent addition to the use of technology by an organization and it is having a significant impact on public relations. Blogs have empowered the public significantly therefore making organizations to take them seriously. Through blogs, people discuss freely about various topics including products provided by organization. Failure of an organization to respond to blogs can therefore have significant negative impacts on its public relations. To be able to respond to issues raised by customers, organizations have to use the same channels of communication as the public. Communications through blogs therefore become an effective way for public relation. Contributions in blogs are usually personal in nature thus the use of this channel by organizations for Pr will enable organizations to retain customers by giving personalized customer services. The personal nature and closeness provided by blog enable blogs to be a preferred means for expressing opinion (Macias, Freimuth Hilyard, 2008, par. 7). Personal contribution of senior employ ees to a blog has very positive impact in public relation. Negative Impact on Communication Although computer based communications have brought significant positive impact on communication, they have some negative impacts. Blogging enables individuals to contribute freely to a topic. Therefore, there is likelihood for biased or false information in the contributions. In business, blogs can be used by competitors to raise negative issues about a company. Although an organization has an opportunity to correct some of the misinformation in communication, some of it may have long-term negative impact on the company. Instant Messages have wide usage in organizations. Addiction to IM leads to loss of a manpower and time in organizations (Perkins, 2008, par 8; Grinter and Palen, 2002, p. 73). Conclusion Computer based communication has had a great impact on communication. Considering the positive and negative impacts of this type of communication on businesses advantages outweigh the negat ive impacts and businesses have to take advantage of this technology to advance their businesses. Emails, blogs, wikis, IM and other computer based communication have changed communication at various levels of the society. As some of the most popular computer based communication, blogs and Instant Messages have had significant impacts on communication. In business the internet is not only used for advertising but also for direct interaction with the customer. Through blogs organizations can understand their customers and be able to respond to their needs appropriately. Instant Messaging is among the cheapest computer based communication and organizations need to take advantage of this so as to reduce communication cost. With advancement in internet technology, various computer based communication will continue to gain popularity and organizations need to keep themselves up to date with these developments. Some issues that may need to be looked into include the ability of all organiz ations worldwide to keep themselves up to date with the advancements in technology which affects their competitiveness. Reference List Braffort, A. 1999. Gesture-based communication in human-computer interaction: proceeding. New York: Springer. Bryant, J. and Oliver, B. 2009. Media effects: advancement in theory and research. New York: Taylor Francis. Freeman, L. 2003. The impact of computer based communication on the social structure on an emerging scientific specialty. Social Networks Vol. 6 No. 3, pp 201-221. Grinter, R. and Palen, L. 2002. Instant messaging in teen life. New York: Association for Computer Machinery. Isaacs, E., Walendowki, A., Whittaker, S. and Schiano, D. 2002.The Character, functions, and styles on instant messaging in the workplace. New York: ACM. Kent, M.L. (2008). Critical analysis of blogging in public relations. Public Relations Review, Vol. 34 No 1, pp32-40. Macias, W., Freimuth, V. Hilyard K. (2008). Blog Functions as Risk and Crisis Communication Dur ing Hurricane Katrina. Web. Mangold, G., AND Faulds, D. 2007. Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix. Business Horizon Vol. 52, pp 357-365. Moran, M. (2008). How the Web Changes the Old Marketing Rules. Web. Nicole, M. 2007. Keep Your Eyes on the Enterprise: Emails, Wikis, Blogs and Corporate Risk. Web. Perkins, B. 2008. The Pitfalls of Social Networking. Computerworld Vol. 42 No. 7, pp 44. Spaeth, M. 2008. The Next Generation of Communication. Web. Wellman, B, Quan-Haase, A, Boase, J, Chen, W, Hampton, K, Diaz, I Miyata, K., 2003, The social affordance of the internet for networked individualism. Journal of Computer-Medicated Communication, Vol. 8, No. 3. Wilkins, J. 2007. RU READY FOR IM? Information Management Journal Vol. 41 No. 3.

A Breath of Fresh Air

It is common knowledge that second hand smoke is extremely dangerous for your health and even more dangerous to infants and children. Exposure to second hand smoke causes 150,000 to 300,000 acute lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia and bronchitis) annually in children 18 months and younger; these infections result in 7,500 to 15,000 hospitalizations each year. Second hand smoke exposure causes buildup of fluid in the middle of the ear, resulting in childhood operations and of childhood hearing loss. A California EPA study estimates that 46,000 (range is between 22,700 and 69,600) cardiovascular deaths, 3400 lung cancer deaths and 430 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) deaths are annually associated with second hand smoke exposure. 1 Many children are essentially forced to breathe in toxic fumes and particulates due to their parents’, siblings’, and surrounding elders’ poor choices. Enforcing stricter smoking laws and regulations can drastically help the effects second hand smoke causes in children’s health. â€Å"Choice† is a key word and the children do not have one. It is up to us, as responsible adults, to protect them and give them a healthy living environment for them to grow and develop in. Second- hand smoke, side-stream smoke or passive smoke can affect anyone near it, including innocent children which are sometimes overlooked. Infants and young children are especially susceptible since their lungs are still developing and childhood exposure to second hand smoke results in decreased lung function. Children who breathe second hand smoke are more likely to suffer from cough, wheeze, phlegm and breathlessness. There are many ways we can help protect them with simple changes in the way we live today. While Environmental Tobacco Smoke exposure, otherwise known as ETS, is on the decline in California due to increased public awareness of its harmful effects, smoking in vehicles still poses a very real threat to vehicle occupants, especially children. Smoking can cause respirable suspended particle, otherwise known as RSP, and CO levels in cars to reach high levels when the windows are open or closed. Recent research from the Harvard School of Public Health has shown that ETS in cars can reach levels comparable to smoky bars or restaurants. In addition, smoke can settle on car surfaces, including child safety seats, making it possible for children to pick up ETS with their fingers, which they may place in their mouths, causing them to ingest ETS particles. In fact, next to workplaces, homes and cars are considered the most unhealthy places in terms of ETS exposure, again particularly for children. One step that we have made in the right direction towards car air quality for children, is Article 2. 5 Smoking in Motor Vehicles 118947, the Marco Firebaugh Memorial Children’s Health and Safety Act of 2007, otherwise known as the â€Å"Smoke Free Cars† law. It was enforced as of January 1st 2008 and states that it is unlawful for a person to smoke a pipe, cigar, or cigarette in a motor vehicle, whether in motion or at rest, in which there is a minor. A violation of this section is an infraction punishable by a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars for each violation. Even though this new law is a great start to shielding children’s health problems from second hand smoke, there are still things that can be changed within this same law to maximize its power. For instance, this law states that a law enforcement officer shall not stop a vehicle for the sole purpose of determining whether the driver is in violation of this article. This part of the act should be changed, giving law enforcement the power to stop a vehicle just to determine whether a violation is taking place so that this law can have more of an impact. This act also punishes the violators by placing a fine of no more than one hundred dollars for each violation. I feel that this punishment is not enough and should be raised to a higher fine of at least two hundred and fifty dollars per offense with the ability for the fine amount to increase with each following offense. Higher penalties for the violation of this law would help make people understand the severity of their actions and hopefully change their habits. An act to amend Sections 19994. 30 and 19994. 33 of Part 2. 6 of Division 5 of the Government Code relating to tobacco, states that no public employee or member of the public shall smoke any tobacco product inside a public building, or in an outdoor area within twenty feet of a main exit, entrance, or operable window of a public building. When walking up to a building with people smoking twenty feet from the entrance, the presence of smoke is still very strong and apparent to almost anyone walking through it. Twenty feet from an entrance, exit, or operable window to a building is still too close for people to be smoking without risking second hand smoke effects. The current Surgeon General’s Report states that there is no risk-free level of second hand smoke exposure. Even brief exposures can be harmful to children. If this distance were to be changed to twice the amount, it would allow for a larger pathway to enter or exit a building without having to suffer from exposure we are currently bare to under the current law of only twenty feet. Another part of today’s law that should be revisited and updated is the current smoking age. The California law for buying tobacco products (cigarettes) is eighteen. up the habit before the age of twenty-one. 5 Raising the required age to purchase cigarettes to twenty-five would greatly shrink the potential dangers of having ignorant and uneducated smokers poisoning others around them. Being eighteen years of age does not necessarily mean you can make adult decisions. Besides raising the legal smoking age, doing things like demanding television channels to air more anti-smoking ads, like the truth commercials, or just airing the anti-smoking ads more frequently during prime time hours would decrease the current smoker numbers and prevent future smokers from picking up the dangerously addictive habit and in turn, damaging children’s health due to second hand smoke. Education is the best deterrent to preventing smokers to smoke and potential smokers to start. Although we can cut down on children’s contact to second hand smoke in and around public buildings and now even in vehicles, there is still the huge problem of the second hand smoke that is inhaled by children in their own home. The National Survey on Environmental Management of Asthma and Children’s Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (NSEMA/CEE) (U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004) has found that 11% of children aged 6 years and under are exposed to ETS in their homes on a regular basis (4 or more days per week) compared to 20% in the 1998 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and that parents are responsible for 90% of children’s exposure to ETS. Children face a higher risk than adults of the negative effects of secondhand smoke. Not only is a childs body still developing physically, but their breathing rate is faster than that of adults. Adults breathe in and out approximately 14 to 18 times a minute, where newborns can breathe as many as 60 times a minute. Up until a child is about 5 years old, the respiratory rate is quite fast; usually between 20 and 60 breaths per minute. When the air is tainted with cigarette smoke, young, developing lungs receive a higher concentration of inhaled toxins than do older lungs. 6 To cut down on children involuntarily inhaling second hand smoking in the home, a new law should be passed making it illegal to smoke in your house, apartment, condo, trailer, etc. if there are children living there. Cigarette smoking should only be permitted outdoors on the porch or balcony with the door and windows closed and the person smoking being of no less than forty feet from the entrance, exit, or windows. Harsh fines should be put into action if parents, siblings, family members or even babysitters decide to smoke indoors with children currently living there. With these laws into place we can protect our children and give them a much stronger chance of living a long healthy life. One great law that the Government has implemented in order to reduce the appeal of smoking and the risks of second hand smoke, chiefly dwindling the amount of smokers in the United States, is the taxes on tobacco. In California, due to proposition 10, every pack of cigarettes sold has an automatic eighty-seven cent tax attached to it. California is ranked 30th among all fifty states when it comes to cigarette taxes, where as New Jersey is ranked number one, with a $2. 7 tax added to each pack sold. The more taxes added to tobacco purchases the more money there will be present for paying for health and smoking-cessation programs. Tobacco products are taxed by the Tobacco Products Surtax, which is currently 46. 7% of the cost of the product. Tobacco products include cigars, unrolled tobacco, snuff, chewing tobacco, and any other product, which contains 50 percent tobacco or more. The California State Board of Equalization determines the annual surtax rate. Proposition 86 would amend the state constitution by raising the tax on cigarettes in California an additional $2. 64 per pack above the current cost of about $4. 00 a pack, effectively raising the cost of a pack of cigarettes to close to $7. 00. The Board of Equalization is required by state law to increase taxes on other tobacco products in an amount equivalent to any increase in the tax on cigarettes. Prop. 86, therefore, would increase the excise tax on other tobacco products. Proposition 86 ould likely increase excise tax revenues for about $2. 1 billion annually in 2007-08. 7 Unfortunately proposition 86 did not pass and cigarettes in California only have an eight-seven cent tax on them. Making cigarettes unaffordable is a great way to reduce the number of tobacco consumers however the taxes should be steeper in order to effectively lessen cigarette purchases. If this higher tax would be implemented, there would be fewer and fewer smokers, which makes for lesser and lesser second hand smoke. With all the new rules and regulations enforced; smoke free cars, extending the distance of smoking by entryway, increasing the age to purchase cigarettes, prohibiting smoking in the home with children living there, and the increased taxes on cigarettes, innocent bystanders will remarkably suffer less then they do now by second hand smoke. Ignorance today is causing children to experience asthma, and even die from SIDS. The changes that I have proposed in the laws could help people decide to quit smoking or at the very least be smarter about where, how, and who they smoke around. Though refraining from smoking may not be easy because it is extremely addictive, the best solution to ending second hand smoke is to convince the public to quit. â€Å"If you can’t quit for yourself, quit for your kids. Kids of parents who smoke are more likely to start smoking themselves when they get older. † If you can’t quit, at least don’t smoke inside your home or your car or other places that your children will be directly exposed to the smoke. 8 The most important thing is that we keep educating ourselves on smoking safety for us and those around us also, focusing on the risks we are taking every time we decide to smoke a cigarette.

Determine if students understand behavioral expectations and Essay

Determine if students understand behavioral expectations and consequences for misbehavior - Essay Example In other words, functional behavioral assessment looks beyond the overt topography of the behavior, and focuses, instead, upon identifying biological, social, affective, and environmental factors that initiate, sustain, or end the behavior in question. This approach is important because it leads the observer beyond the "symptom" (the behavior) to the student's underlying motivation to escape, "avoid," or "get" something (which is, to the functional analyst, the root of all behavior). Research and experience has demonstrated that behavior intervention plans stemming from the knowledge of why a student misbehaves (i.e., based on a functional behavioral assessment) are extremely useful in addressing a wide range of problems. Students are frequently reminded of the expectations and the character traits we value as a community through assemblies, classroom lessons, role modeling and daily discussions. Below are some areas to consider in determining classroom expectation and consequences. Being proactive and establish preventative measures, the plan is to start with well thought out lessons that reflect the community and curriculum. Each class has a different feel and its part of my job to determine which angles teachers will use to engage the class into what is to be learned. To help students learn to monitor their own behavior, students will receive verbal recognition from me when behavior models expectations. Students will also be able to earn points for the entire class when they are on task, maintaining appropriate interactions and noise level. Students will earn time towards weekly. To learn problem solving skills, we will have regular class meetings. If students have an issue they need to resolve, teachers will keep a log available where they can enter agenda items to be discussed at the next class meeting. The goal is to have the students learn strategies to help them solve problems with the teacher as facilitator. Teachers will also provide parents with a we ekly note home regarding their child as a means of keeping them in touch with what is going on in the classroom. Student involvement is normally intense with a final eureka experience at the moment of discovery, a natural reinforcer of the learning experience. Students are apprised of school behavior policies through personal visits and advance notification of behavioral expectations and possible consequences by counselors/administrators at the beginning of each semester. Consequences will fall within a range, and will be determined by the appropriate school official. Disciplinary action will depend upon the severity of the misbehavior, previous behavior and interventions, and the circumstances surrounding an incident. In schools today, students are often addressed as passive learners, merely participants in their educations, as opposed to partners. Opportunities for meaningful and significant student involvement in education planning, school leadership and self-governance are primarily offered to gifted and advanced students only and even then with reservation from the teachers and administrators. However, a recent survey1 summarized the following conclusions: - Students need to become directly involved with the decision-making processes in schools; -